Awọn ayẹwo ilera fun awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ogoji ọdun 40 si 64

O yẹ ki o ṣabẹwo si olupese itọju ilera rẹ lati igba de igba, paapaa ti o ba ni ilera. Idi ti awọn abẹwo wọnyi ni lati:

• Iboju fun awọn ọran iṣoogun
• Ṣe ayẹwo eewu rẹ fun awọn iṣoro iṣoogun ọjọ iwaju
• Iwuri fun igbesi aye ilera
• Ṣe imudojuiwọn awọn ajesara
• Ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati mọ olupese rẹ ni ọran ti aisan

Paapa ti o ba ni irọrun, o yẹ ki o tun rii olupese rẹ fun awọn ayẹwo nigbagbogbo. Awọn abẹwo wọnyi le ṣe iranlọwọ fun ọ lati yago fun awọn iṣoro ni ọjọ iwaju. Fun apẹẹrẹ, ọna kan lati wa boya o ni titẹ ẹjẹ giga ni lati jẹ ki o ṣayẹwo nigbagbogbo. Suga ẹjẹ giga ati awọn ipele idaabobo awọ giga tun le ma ni awọn aami aisan eyikeyi ni awọn ipele ibẹrẹ. Idanwo ẹjẹ ti o rọrun le ṣayẹwo fun awọn ipo wọnyi.

Awọn akoko kan wa nigbati o yẹ ki o rii olupese rẹ. Ni isalẹ wa awọn itọnisọna waworan fun awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ogoji ọdun 40 si 64.

ẸRẸ IJẸ ẸRẸ

• Jẹ ki a ṣayẹwo titẹ ẹjẹ rẹ o kere ju lẹẹkan ni gbogbo ọdun meji 2. Ti nọmba oke (nọmba systolic) wa lati 120 si 139 mm Hg, tabi nọmba isalẹ (nọmba diastolic) wa lati 80 si 89 mm Hg, o yẹ ki o ṣayẹwo rẹ ni gbogbo ọdun.
• Ti nọmba oke ba jẹ 130 tabi tobi tabi nọmba isalẹ jẹ 80 tabi ju bẹẹ lọ, ṣeto ipinnu lati pade pẹlu olupese rẹ lati kọ bi o ṣe le dinku titẹ ẹjẹ rẹ.
• Ti o ba ni àtọgbẹ, aisan ọkan, awọn iṣoro kidinrin, tabi awọn ipo miiran kan, o le nilo lati ṣayẹwo titẹ ẹjẹ rẹ nigbagbogbo, ṣugbọn sibẹ o kere ju lẹẹkan lọdun.
• Ṣọra fun awọn iṣayẹwo titẹ ẹjẹ ni agbegbe rẹ. Beere lọwọ olupese rẹ ti o ba le duro lati jẹ ki a ṣayẹwo titẹ ẹjẹ rẹ.

IWADI OHUN OYUN

• Awọn obirin le ṣe idanwo ara-ọsan oṣooṣu kan. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn amoye ko gba nipa awọn anfani ti awọn idanwo ara ẹni igbaya ni wiwa aarun igbaya tabi fifipamọ awọn aye. Sọ fun olupese rẹ nipa ohun ti o dara julọ fun ọ.
• Olupese rẹ le ṣe idanwo igbaya iwosan bi apakan ti idanwo idena rẹ.
• Awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ogoji ọdun 40 si 49 le ni mammogram ni gbogbo ọdun 1 si 2. Sibẹsibẹ, kii ṣe gbogbo awọn amoye gba nipa awọn anfani ti nini mammogram nigbati awọn obinrin wa ni 40s. Sọ fun olupese rẹ nipa ohun ti o dara julọ fun ọ.
• Awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ọdun 50 si 75 yẹ ki o ni mammogram ni gbogbo ọdun 1 si 2, da lori awọn ifosiwewe eewu wọn, lati ṣayẹwo fun aarun igbaya.
• Awọn obinrin ti o ni iya tabi arabinrin ti o ni aarun igbaya ni ọjọ ori ọmọde yẹ ki o ronu mammogram lododun. Wọn yẹ ki o bẹrẹ ni kutukutu ọjọ-ori eyiti a ṣe ayẹwo ọmọ ẹgbẹ ẹbi wọn abikẹhin.
• Ti o ba ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu miiran fun aarun igbaya, olupese rẹ le ṣeduro mammogram kan, olutirasandi igbaya, tabi ọlọjẹ MRI.

IWADI IWADI OWO

Ṣiṣayẹwo aarun ara ọgbẹ yẹ ki o bẹrẹ ni ọdun 21. Lẹhin idanwo akọkọ:

• O yẹ ki awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ọgbọn ọdun 30 si 65 ṣe ayẹwo pẹlu boya idanwo Pap ni gbogbo ọdun mẹta tabi idanwo HPV ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5.
• Ti iwọ tabi alabaṣepọ rẹ ba ni awọn alabaṣiṣẹpọ miiran, o yẹ ki o ni idanwo Pap ni gbogbo ọdun mẹta.
• Awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ọdun 65 si 70 le da nini idanwo Pap niwọn igba ti wọn ti ni awọn idanwo deede 3 laarin ọdun mẹwa sẹhin.
• Awọn obinrin ti o ti tọju fun precancer (dysplasia ti ara) yẹ ki o tẹsiwaju lati ni awọn ayẹwo Pap fun ọdun 20 lẹhin itọju tabi titi di ọjọ 65, eyikeyi ti o gun.
• Ti o ba ti yọ ile-ile rẹ ati cervix kuro (lapapọ hysterectomy), ati pe a ko ti ṣe ayẹwo rẹ pẹlu akàn ara, iwọ ko nilo lati ni Pap smears.

SILE IWỌ NIPA

• Iṣeduro ọjọ ibẹrẹ ti a ṣe iṣeduro fun ayẹwo idaabobo awọ jẹ ọjọ-ori 45 fun awọn obinrin ti ko ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu ti a mọ fun arun inu ọkan ọkan.
• Lọgan ti iṣafihan idaabobo awọ ti bẹrẹ, o yẹ ki a ṣayẹwo idaabobo rẹ ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5.
• Tun idanwo tun pẹ ju ti o nilo ti awọn ayipada ba waye ni igbesi aye (pẹlu ere iwuwo ati ounjẹ).
• Ti o ba ni awọn ipele idaabobo giga, àtọgbẹ, aisan ọkan, awọn iṣoro kidinrin, tabi awọn ipo miiran kan, o le nilo lati ṣayẹwo ni igbagbogbo.

ÀWỌN ÀFIK CANN ỌRỌ AJC

Ti o ba wa labẹ ọjọ-ori 50, ba olupese rẹ sọrọ nipa gbigba ayewo. O yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo ti o ba ni itan idile ti o lagbara ti aarun ifun titobi tabi polyps. Ṣiṣayẹwo tun le ṣe ayẹwo ti o ba ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu gẹgẹbi itan-akọọlẹ ti arun inu ikun tabi polyps.

Ti o ba jẹ ọdun 50 si 75, o yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo fun aarun awọ. Ọpọlọpọ awọn idanwo waworan wa:

• Ẹjẹ aburu ti adaṣe (orisun otita) ti a ṣe ni gbogbo ọdun
• Ayẹwo imunochemical fecal (FIT) ni gbogbo ọdun
• Idanwo DNA ti otita ni gbogbo ọdun mẹta
• Rọ sigmoidoscopy ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5
• Iyatọ meji meji barium enema ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5
• CT colonography (colonoscopy foju) ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5
• Colonoscopy ni gbogbo ọdun mẹwa

O le nilo colonoscopy diẹ sii nigbagbogbo ti o ba ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu fun aarun awọ, gẹgẹbi:

• Ulcerative colitis
• Ti ara ẹni tabi itan-akọọlẹ ẹbi ti aarun awọ
• Itan-akọọlẹ ti awọn idagbasoke ni oluṣafihan ti a pe ni polyps adenomatous

EYONU IMO

• Lọ si ehin lẹẹkan tabi lẹmeji ni gbogbo ọdun fun idanwo ati imototo. Onimọn rẹ yoo ṣe ayẹwo ti o ba ni iwulo fun awọn abẹwo si igbagbogbo.

SISAN IWADI OWO

• Ti o ba ti kọja ọdun 44, o yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo ni gbogbo ọdun mẹta.
• Nini BMI kan lori 25 tumọ si pe o ti iwọn apọju. Ti o ba iwọn apọju, beere lọwọ olupese rẹ boya o yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo ni ọjọ-ori ọmọde. Awọn ara ilu Amẹrika yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo ti BMI wọn ba tobi ju 23 lọ.
• Ti titẹ ẹjẹ rẹ ba ju 130/80 mm Hg lọ, tabi o ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu miiran fun àtọgbẹ, olupese rẹ le ṣe idanwo ipele suga ẹjẹ rẹ fun àtọgbẹ.

IWADI OJU

• Ni idanwo oju ni gbogbo ọdun 2 si 4 ọdun 40 si 54 ati gbogbo ọdun 1 si 3 ọdun 55 si 64. Olupese rẹ le ṣeduro awọn idanwo oju loorekoore ti o ba ni awọn iṣoro iran tabi eewu glaucoma.
• Ṣe idanwo oju ni o kere ju ni gbogbo ọdun ti o ba ni àtọgbẹ.

IRANLỌWỌ

• O yẹ ki o gba abẹrẹ aisan ni gbogbo ọdun.
• Beere lọwọ olupese rẹ ti o ba yẹ ki o gba ajesara lati dinku eewu ti arun pneumococcal (o fa iru eefun).
• O yẹ ki o ni ajesara tetanus-diphtheria ati acellular pertussis (Tdap) lẹẹkan gẹgẹ bi apakan ti awọn aarun ajesara tetanus-diphtheria rẹ ti o ko ba gba tẹlẹ ṣaaju bi ọdọ. O yẹ ki o ni igbelaruge tetanus-diphtheria ni gbogbo ọdun mẹwa.
• O le gba shingles tabi ajesara aarun ajesara ni tabi lẹhin ọjọ-ori 50.
• Olupese rẹ le ṣeduro awọn ajesara ajẹsara miiran ti o ba wa ni eewu giga fun awọn ipo kan.

IKIRAN AISAN ARA

• Ẹgbẹ Agbofinro Awọn Iṣẹ Idena AMẸRIKA ṣe iṣeduro ṣiṣe ayẹwo fun jedojedo C. Ti o da lori igbesi aye rẹ ati itan iṣoogun, o le nilo lati wa ni ayewo fun awọn akoran bii syphilis, chlamydia, ati HIV, ati awọn akoran miiran.

SISAN ỌJỌ ỌRUN

O yẹ ki o ni ayewo ọlọdun kan fun aarun ẹdọfóró pẹlu iwọn onitumọ oniṣiro kekere (LDCT) ti gbogbo atẹle wọnyi ba wa:

• O ti kọja ọdun 55 ATI
• O ni itan mimu siga ọdun 30 ọdun ATI
• O mu siga lọwọlọwọ tabi ti dawọ duro laarin ọdun 15 sẹhin

IWADI OSTEOPOROSIS

• Gbogbo awọn obinrin ti o wa ni ọjọ-ori 50 pẹlu awọn egugun yẹ ki o ni idanwo iwuwo eegun (ọlọjẹ DEXA).
• Ti o ba wa labẹ ọjọ-ori 65 ati pe o ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu fun osteoporosis, o yẹ ki o wa ni ayewo.

IMO ARA

• Iwọn ẹjẹ rẹ yẹ ki o ṣayẹwo ni o kere ju ni gbogbo ọdun.
• Olupese rẹ le ṣeduro lati ṣayẹwo idaabobo rẹ ni gbogbo ọdun marun 5 ti o ba ni awọn ifosiwewe eewu fun arun inu ọkan ọkan.
• Giga rẹ, iwuwo rẹ, ati itọka ibi-ara (BMI) yẹ ki o ṣayẹwo ni idanwo kọọkan.

Lakoko idanwo rẹ, olupese rẹ le beere lọwọ rẹ nipa:

• Ibanujẹ
• Onje ati idaraya
• Ọti ati taba lilo
• Awọn ọran aabo, bii lilo awọn beliti ijoko ati awọn aṣawari ẹfin

Ayẹwo ASAN

• Olupese rẹ le ṣayẹwo awọ rẹ fun awọn ami ti akàn awọ-ara, paapaa ti o ba wa ni eewu giga. Awọn eniyan ti o ni eewu giga pẹlu awọn ti o ti ni aarun awọ ara ṣaaju, ni awọn ibatan ti o sunmọ pẹlu akàn awọ-ara, tabi ni eto alaabo ailera.

Ibẹwo itọju ilera - awọn obinrin - ogoro 40 si 64; Idanwo ti ara - awọn obinrin - awọn ọjọ-ori 40 si 64; Idanwo ọdọọdun - awọn obinrin - awọn ọjọ-ori 40 si 64; Ṣayẹwo - awọn obinrin - ogoro 40 si 64; Ilera awọn obinrin - awọn ọjọ-ori 40 si 64; Itọju idena - awọn obinrin - ogoro 40 si 64

• Idanwo ẹjẹ ẹjẹ
• Awọn ipa ti ọjọ ori lori titẹ ẹjẹ
• Osteoporosis

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Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. Itọsọna 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA itọnisọna fun idena, iṣawari, igbelewọn, ati iṣakoso titẹ ẹjẹ giga ni awọn agbalagba: ijabọ ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Amẹrika / Amẹrika Ẹgbẹ Agbofinro Ẹgbẹ Ajọ lori Awọn Itọsọna iṣe iṣegun [atunse ti a tẹjade han ni J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Ṣe 15; 71 (19): 2275-2279]. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19): e127-e248. PMID: 29146535 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146535/.